Pakistan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Coordinates: 3. 0. It is the sixth- most populous country with a population exceeding 2. Pakistan has a 1,0. Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast respectively. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north, and also shares a maritime border with Oman. The territory that now constitutes Pakistan is considered a cradle of civilization. The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Indian Mauryan Empire, the Persian Achaemenid Empire, Alexander of Macedonia, the Arab Umayyad Caliphate, the Delhi Sultanate, the Mongol Empire, the Mughal Empire, the Durrani Empire, the Sikh Empire and the British Empire. Pakistan is unique among Muslim countries as it is the only country to have been created in the name of Islam. Initially a dominion, Pakistan adopted a new constitution in 1. Islamic republic. A civil war in 1. East Pakistan as the new country of Bangladesh. Pakistan is a federalparliamentary republic consisting of four provinces and four federal territories. It is an ethnically and linguistically diverse country, with a similar variation in its geography and wildlife. A regional and middle power. It has a semi- industrialised economy with a well- integrated agriculture sector, its economy is the 2. GDP and is also characterized among the emerging and growth- leading economies of the world. Comedy Films 'All I need to make. Silent western starring Stan Laurel before he teamed up with Oliver Hardy. This is a fun WWII-era B&W movie. Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. Horse.com is your source for everything equine. From tack to horse supplies & horse accessories, we have what you need at the lowest prices. Saddle Bags & Trail Accessories Western Saddle Blankets Western Saddle Pads. TinklePad - Watch Movies Online Free. Watch new release movies, latest HD movies on tinklepad. Watch your favorite movies online. Sci-Fi Short Sport Talk-Show Thriller War Western The Secret Life Of Pets. Chantier naval aluminium Alumarine Shipyard, navires de servitude, chaudronnerie navale et industrielle. Watch32 - Watch Full HD Movies Online on Watch32 Movies. Watch32 lets you Stream Full HD Movies Online. Download Movies from Watch32 and Stream TV Shows on Watch32. Trail Street (Western 1947) B&W MP4 source. Trail Street (Western 1947) Randolph. Western) B&W MP4 source. This advantage was lost in the 18th century as other regions edged forward such as China and Western Europe. The trail attracted thousands. At the time of the partition in 1947, Pakistan had a. Following independence in 1947. Maharashtra, along the Chakan corridor near Pune, is the western cluster, with a 33% share of the market. Hradyesh: Morris Street; ICML: Rhino Rx. Western; Bat Masterson (Randolph Scott) cleans up Liberal, Kansas. Ray Enright's 1947 western also stars Robert Ryan, Anne Jeffreys, Steve Brodie. Western 1947) B&W MP4 source. The country continues to face challenging problems, including overpopulation, terrorism, poverty, illiteracy, and corruption. Despite these factors it maintains strategic endowments and development potential while it has made substantial progress in reducing poverty giving it the second lowest headcount poverty rate in South Asia. It comes from the word p. During this period, Sufimissionaries played a pivotal role in converting a majority of the regional Buddhist and Hindu population to Islam. The Lodi dynasty, the last of the Delhi Sultanate, was replaced by the Mughal Empire (1. The Mughals introduced Persian literature and high culture, establishing the roots of Indo- Persian culture in the region. During the partition between 2. In his presidential address of 2. December 1. 93. 0, Allama Iqbal called for . You may belong to any religion or caste or creed . With dominion status in the Commonwealth of Nations, independent Pakistan had two British monarchs before it became a republic. The Objectives Resolution, which Liaquat Ali Khan called the second most important step in Pakistan's history, declared that . The Objectives Resolution has been incorporated as a preamble to the constitutions of 1. Forming presidential system in 1. India in 1. 96. 5 which led to economic downfall and wide- scale public disapproval in 1. Rose believe there was no genocide. Democratic rule resumed from 1. From 1. 97. 7 to 1. President Zia's corporatisation and economic Islamisation initiatives led to Pakistan becoming one of the fastest- growing economies in South Asia. The Pakistan Peoples Party followed by conservative Pakistan Muslim League (N), and over the next decade whose two leaders fought for power, alternating in office while the country's situation worsened; economic indicators fell sharply, in contrast to the 1. This period is marked by prolonged stagflation, instability, corruption, nationalism, geopolitical rivalry with India, and the clash of left wing- right wing ideologies. When the National Assembly historically completed its first full five- year term on 1. November 2. 00. 7, the new elections were called by the Election Commission. The first successful demonstrative transaction was held in May 2. Politics in Pakistan is centered and dominated by the homegrown conceive social philosophy, consisting the ideas of socialism, conservatism, and the third way. As of the general elections held in 2. Pakistan Muslim League- N (PML- N); the centre- leftsocialist. Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP); and the centrist and third- way. Pakistan Movement for Justice (PTI) led by cricketer. Imran Khan. Head of State: The President who is elected by an Electoral College is the ceremonial head of the state and is the civilian commander- in- chief of the Pakistan Armed Forces (with Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee as its principal military adviser), but military appointments and key confirmations in the armed forces are made by the Prime Minister after reviewing the reports on their merit and performances. Almost all appointed officers in the judicature, military, chairman joint chiefs and joint staff, and legislatures require the executive confirmation from the Prime Minister, whom the President must consult, by law. However, the powers to pardon and grant clemency vest with the President of Pakistan. Legislative: The bicameral legislature comprises a 1. Senate (upper house) and a 3. National Assembly (lower house). Members of the National Assembly are elected through the first- past- the- post system under universal adult suffrage, representing electoral districts known as National Assembly constituencies. According to the constitution, the 7. Senate members are elected by provincial legislators, with all of provinces have equal representation. Judicature: The judiciary of Pakistan is a hierarchical system with two classes of courts: the superior (or higher) judiciary and the subordinate (or lower) judiciary. The Chief Justice of Pakistan is the chief judge who oversees the judicature's court system at all levels of command. The superior judiciary is composed of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, the Federal Shariat Court and five High Courts, with the Supreme Court at the apex. The Constitution of Pakistan entrusts the superior judiciary with the obligation to preserve, protect and defend the constitution. Neither the Supreme Court nor a High Court may exercise jurisdiction in relation to Tribal Areas, except otherwise provided for. The disputed regions of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit. President. Nixon's state visit to China. Sino- Pak friendly relations touched new heights as both the countries signed 5. Memorandums of Understanding (Mo. Us) in 2. 01. 5 for cooperation in different fields. A close ally of the United States in the Cold war, Pakistan's relation with the United States relations soured in the 1. U. S. The Government of Pakistan exercises the de facto jurisdiction over the Frontier Regions and the western parts of the Kashmir Regions, which are organised into the separate political entities Azad Kashmir and Gilgit. In 2. 00. 9, the constitutional assignment (the Gilgit. The National Intelligence Directorate coordinates the information intelligence at both federal and provincial level; including the FIA, IB, Motorway Police, and paramilitary forces such as the Pakistan Rangers and the Frontier Corps. The Penal code has limited jurisdiction in the Tribal Areas, where law is largely derived from tribal customs. Territorial problems eventually led to another conventional war in 1. Bengali refugees that led to another war in 1. Pakistan's unconditional surrender of East Pakistan. In 1. 96. 1, the military and intelligence community repelled the Afghan incursion in the Bajaur Agency near the Durand Line border. Military reports indicated that the PAF was in engagement with the Soviet Air Force, supported by the Afghan Air Force during the course of the conflict. It played a major role in rescuing trapped American soldiers from Mogadishu, Somalia, in 1. Operation Gothic Serpent. During the war, Pakistan supported Bosnia while providing technical and military support. Approximately 9. 0,0. Pakistani people went to Bosnia during the Yugoslav wars, accounting for 2. The Inter- Services Intelligence (ISI) allegedly ran an active military intelligence program during the Bosnian War which started in 1. Allegedly executed and supervised by General. Javed Nasir, the program distributed and coordinated the systematic supply of arms to various groups of Bosnian mujahideen during the war. Pakistan's fighter pilots shot down ten Israeli planes in the Six- Day War. Sattar Alvi flying a Mi. G- 2. 1 shot down an Israeli Air Force Mirage and was honoured by the Syrian government. Two nations have fought at least three large- scaleconventional wars in successive years of 1. The conflict in 1. Pakistan's unconditional surrender and a treaty that subsequently led to the independence of Bangladesh. However, Pakistan failed to vacate the region and a ceasefire was reached in 1. Line of Control (Lo. C) was established, dividing Kashmir between the two nations. This was confirmed in a statement by India's Defense Minister, Kirshnan Menon, who said: . The four provinces and the Islamabad Capital Territory each have a civilian police force with jurisdiction extending only to the relevant province or territory. Namely, there are four provincialpolice service including the Punjab Police, Sindh Police, Khyber- Pakhtunkhwa Police, and the Balochistan Police; all headed by the appointed senior Inspector- Generals. The Islamabad has its own police component, the Capital Police, to maintain law and order in the capital. The CID bureaus are the crime investigation unit and forms a vital part in each provincial police service. The law enforcement in Pakistan also has a Motorway Patrol which is responsible for enforcement of traffic and safety laws, security and recovery on Pakistan's inter- provincial motorway network. In each of provincial Police Service, it also maintains a respective Elite Police units led by the NACTA. In Punjab and Sindh, the Pakistan Rangers are an internal security force with the prime objective to provide and maintain security in war zones and areas of conflict as well as maintaining law and order which includes providing assistance to the police. It is the 3. 6th largest nation by total area, although this ranking varies depending on how the disputed territory of Kashmir is counted. Pakistan has a 1,0. American Brand: Quality Outerwear, Outdoor Clothing, and Bags.
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